ABSTRACT
Optical coherence tomography [OCT] is a non-contact, non invasive imaging modality that helps diagnosing a variety of diseases involving the eye. It provides quantitative measurements of retinal nerve fiber layer [RNFL], optic nerve head and macular thickness parameters 1, 2 and can be used as a valuable tool in many intraocular surgeries. This article discusses the applications of different OCT systems available commercially for diagnosing and managing various ophthalmic conditions. Furthermore, future directions of OCT technology, clinical uses and benefits are also discussed. Different articles published till year 2014 majorly in between 2005 to 2014, obtained from online search engines Pubmed and Google Scholar were used in preparation of this review. Those articles were included that contained information regarding OCT and its uses in various ophthalmologic conditions and its future advancements. We excluded those articles that did not contain relevant information regarding OCT and its uses. Due to advancements in OCT technology, it is now possible to reveal the structural changes associated with retinal diseases that help in improving early analysis and monitoring of disease progression and response to treatment. Three generations of OCT have been introduced till date. Early versions of this technology i.e. OCT 1 and OCT 2 are relatively slow, limiting both the amount of data to be captured and the quality of image. The older versions required dilation of the pupil but the latest version, the Stratus OCT can be used without dilating the pupil.3 Commercially, OCT is employed in diverse applications including diagnostic medicine, interventional cardiology and art conservation. Ophthalmology is still the most important field of OCT application because of transparent ocular structures
ABSTRACT
To determine the recurrence rate following Conjunctival Autograft versus Mitomycin C for pterygium excision. Fifty Patients in this Randomized Clinical Trial who underwent pterygium excision from July 2013 to October 2013 at Department of Ophthalmology, Ziauddin University Hospital, Keamari, Karachi were included. All patients underwent detailed ophthalmic examination before surgery. Few drops of lidocaine were instilled, subconjunctival xylocaine 2% was injected. The pterygium was then excised from bulabar conjunctiva and peeled off from the corneal surface. Mitomycin C was applied to bare sclera in group A and Conjunctival autograft taken from superior bulbar conjunctiva of same eye was sutured to the bare sclera in group B. Data for pterygium recurrence was collected and analyzed using SPSS version 17. Among the 50 patients operated 64% [n=32] were male and 36% [n=18] female. Their age ranged from 28 - 58 years with mean age 44.8 years. Right eye was affected in 54% [n= 27] patients and left in 46% [n= 23]. In group "A" [intraoperative MMC] conjunctival granuloma was noted in 1[4%], pterygium recurrence 4[16%] and ocular irritation was experienced by 5[20%] patients. In group "B" [CAG] graft retraction was seen in 2[8%], patients, 1[4%] patients experienced persistent redness over the grafted tissue and pterygium recurrence was seen in 2[8%] patient. All of them were followed at day 1, week 1, week 4 and week 12. Both Conjunctival Autograft and Mitomycin C are effective in reducing the recurrence of pterygium but CAG gives better cosmetic results, the only drawback with it is the duration of the procedure
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Mitomycin , Intraoperative Care , Recurrence , Conjunctiva , AutograftsABSTRACT
Objectives: To determine the outcome and complications of endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy without stenting at Ziauddin University Hospital, Keamari, Karachi, Pakistan
Methods: Fifty Patients who underwent endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy from August 2011 to July 2012 at Department of Ophthalmology, Ziauddin University Hospital, Keamari, Karachi were included. Data regarding the Outcomes and complications were collected and analyzed
Results: Among the 50 patients there were 38%[n=19] males and 62%[n=31] females. Their age ranged from 15 to 60 years, mean age was 43.54 +/- 9.36 years. Majority of patients were in the age ranging from 31 to 50 years. The success rate after 6 months of surgery was 92% without any significant complications
Conclusion: Endoscopicdacryocystorhinostomy without stent is minimally invasive technique with less complications and good success state. In addition it gives no facial scar
ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine the usefulness of B-scan ultrasonography and to observe the relative frequency of conditions for which ultrasound B-scan examination was requested in Ophthalmology. Design: A descriptive study. Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, Ziauddin Medical University and Dr Akil Bin Abdul Kadir Welfare Eye Hospital Karachi, Sindh - Pakistan, from February 2002 to March 2005
Methods: We performed 320 B-scans over a period of 3 years. Patients were selected from out patient department. We used "SONOMED" and ALCON ultrasound machines
Results: In the total 320 ultrasounds performed, 102 did not demonstrate any pathology on Bscan ultrasonography. Vitreous disorders were present in 98 patients, 58 showed retinal detachment, 16 showed intraocular tumors and tumor like conditions, 9 patients showed optic nerve lesions and 6 patients showed intraocular foreign bodies. The remaining 31 patients had different types of miscellaneous lesions
Conclusion: Diagnostic ultrasonography has proved to be very helpful method for medical diagnosis in Ophthalmology. Opacities in the vitreous were the commonest problems followed by retinal detachment for which ultrasound was advised. It is also important to correlate B-scan findings to the clinical condition of patient